Abraham Maslows theory of basic human needs is a theory that stratified human needs according to their hierarchy of importance.
These needs are arranged in a pyramidal form with the most important needs at the base while the less important ones are the apex.
Abraham Maslows Hierarchy Of Needs
There are 6 basic needs identified and they are showed in the pyramidal form below;
Physiological Needs
These needs take precedence over other needs in Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs. They are considered basic and are necessary for survival. These needs include; oxygen, fluid, nutrition, temperature, elimination, shelter, rest and sex.
Safety and Security Needs
These form the secondary level needs. They involve physical safety and psychological safety from factors that could endanger the life patients. These needs include; need for protection from injury and danger, prevention of infection, prevention of anxiety, need for provision of safe and appropriate tools, freedom from fear of any impending danger, familiarity, trust , job security.
Love and Belonging Needs
people generally need to feel that they are loved by their family and accepted by friends and other citizens of their community. These needs include; showing genuine concern, kindness and empathy, cultivating friends, need for affection and approval.
Self-Esteem Needs
They are two parts to esteem needs;
- The first part has to do with the individuals desire for strength, achievement adequacy, competence, confidence, independence, self respect, and freedom.
- The second part involves reputation or prestige entities received from others. This is seen in status dominance, recognition, attention, importance and appreciation.
Self Actualization Needs
These involve need for self fulfillment, excellence, recognition, achievements and so on
Aesthetic Needs
These involves need for beauty, fine appearance, attractiveness and so on.
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How To Input Abraham Maslows Theory on a Midwife Care of a Patient Who Just Delivered By Caesarean Section
Physiological Needs
- Maintain airway clearance- suction to remove excess mucous secretion.
- Administer oxygen if need be.
- Maintain nutrition and fluid electrolyte balance with intravenous fluid.
- Set blood transfusion to replace blood loss if need be.
- Catheterize her to empty bladder.
- Encourage bed rest in a cool and quiet environment.
Safety and Security Needs
- Put patient on a bed with rail to avoid fall.
- A nurse should always be in attendance.
- A nurse or relative should stand by the side of the bed, if it does not have rails and the bed should be placed close to the wall.
- Minimize environmental noise.
- Use aseptic technique.
- Use safe and appropriate technologies.
- Ensure that she will be properly taking care of.
Love and Belonging Needs
- Stay and discuss with her often.
- Let her know that you care for her well being
- Encourage the husband and relatives to stay with her
- Maintain good patient-nurse relationship.
Self Esteem Needs
- Teach her to do some simple procedures pertaining to her care.
- Allow her to feel that she is in control of her care to some extent.
- Praise her for partaking in her care.
- Give her attention.
- Call her by her name, societal tag such as Mrs, Engr, barrister, doctor e.t.c
Self Actualization Needs
- Allow her care for her self e.g bathing, feeding e.t.c
- Allow her take full control of herself and her care.
- Allow her take decision on her care.
- Let her know that her care for herself is excellent.
- Recognize her potential.
Aesthetic Needs
- Allow her to groom well to her taste, to look more attractive.
- Decorate the room for her.
- Let her know she is beautiful.
- Encourage her to put on firm bra to give her breast good shape.
- Educate her on post natal exercise to help regain her pregnancy shape. She can start the exercise one to two months of delivery.
- Clean the incision site often with cotton wool and spirit to prevent infection which could cause wound break down and scaring.
- Make her bed well, clean and arrange the room well to look attractive.
How To Educate Patient on Prevention of Infection After Discharge From Hospital
- Greet patient and introduce self
- Introduce the topics as prevention of infection after discharge from hospital
- Assess the patient’s previous knowledge on the topic by asking relevant questions.
- Maintain personal and environmental hygiene.
- Aseptic techniques when caring for the operation site.
- Not allowing water or any fluid to come in contact with operation site.
- Intake of adequate nutrition to boost immunity against infection.
- Adequate rest and sleep.
- Importance of moderate exercise.
- Intake of prescribed drugs
- Regular check up
- Ask her for any question and answer it properly.
- Thank her for being attentive.
We hope this information was helpful. Feel free to ask your questions in the comment section below.